Reposted with links as soneone reported the previous post. Benzolkium Chloride the active ingredient in Zoono products is known as a quaternary ammonium compound, also known as a quat (there are many forms of quat compounds). This is the techonology that 'spikes' & kills the microbes. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/benzalkonium-chloride https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzalkonium_chloride
ZNO products contain a quat that is also known as silica complex , Dimethyloctadecyl(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ammonium chloride (DTSACl) developed by Dow Corning. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethyloctadecyl(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ammonium_chloride https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/62827 On the Zoono website it is refered to it originating from sand i.e silica dioxide .
You will also see it definied by the term a Silane agent or Silane coupling agent with regard to DTSACl, that refers to it's ability to enhance bonding between two surfaces. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/silane-coupling-agent https://zoono.com/pages/our-technology-efficacy-testing
If you look at the Zoono website it references this with regard to forming permanent covalent bonds, the essence of how the 24 hours / 30 days effacy works.
It's the combination of these two properties above that makes ZNO work the way they do.
I'm not a chemist so i think that is all correct.
The ethyl (alcohol) in the US version is not required for the product to work effectively hence the non ethyl version used elsewhere.
Zoono USA also sell an 'ultra' version of hand sanitizer with 70% ethyl. https://ndclist.com/ndc/69221-501
